Antispasmodic activity of Warionia saharae

Excerpt:


J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(5): 677-684, 2021. Original article Antispasmodic activity of Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss. on the rabbit and rat jejunums [Actividad antiespasmódica de Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss. sobre yeyunos de conejo y rata] Ouafa Amrani1, Mohamed Marghich1, Hanane Makrane2, Chakib Alem3, Mohammed Aziz1* 1Laboratory of Bioressources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and … Continue reading Antispasmodic activity of Warionia saharae


J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(5): 677-684, 2021.

Original article

Antispasmodic activity of Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss. on the rabbit and rat jejunums

[Actividad antiespasmódica de Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss. sobre yeyunos de conejo y rata]

Ouafa Amrani1, Mohamed Marghich1, Hanane Makrane2, Chakib Alem3, Mohammed Aziz1*

1Laboratory of Bioressources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed the First University, Boulevard Mohamed VI; BP: 717; 60000, Oujda, Morocco.

2Laboratoire de Biologie, Environnement et Développement Durable, Ecole Normale supérieure, Martil, Université Abdelmalek Essaidi, Tétouan, Morocco.

3Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University of Moulay Ismail, Errachidia, Morocco.

*E-mail: m.aziz@umpac.ma; azizmo5@yahoo.fr

Abstract

Context: Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss has been widely used for gastrointestinal problems in Morocco and Algeria.

Aims: To explore the possible mechanism for its use to such ailments in order to rationalize some of these folkloric uses. We investigated the aqueous extract of this plant (AqWs) for antispasmodic activity on isolated rat and rabbit jejunums.

Methods: To investigate the contractile activity of isolated jejunum preparations of rat and rabbit we had used in vitro techniques. Jejunums were suspended in tissue baths filled with KHB culture medium (37°C) and connected to force transducers. AqWs (0.1–3 mg/mL) was used with or without carbachol (10-6 M), KCl (25 mM), yohimbine (10-5 M), prazosin (10-5 M), propranolol (10-5 M), hexamethonium (10-4 M), atropine (10-6 M), methylene blue (10-5 M), L-NAME (10-4 M) and nifedipine (10-6 M).

Results: AqWs at 0.1–3 mg/mL produced a relaxation on basal rabbit contractions with an IC50 = 1.55 ± 0.06 mg/mL. This effect was reversible and was not affected by pretreatment with the inhibitors of α and β adrenergic receptors yohimbine, prazosin and propranolol. The extract had an antispasmodic activity with an IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.02 mg/mL on rat jejunum precontracted with KCl rich medium (25 mM). This result suggests that the extract had a Ca2+ antagonist effect. This was fortified when pretreatment of the intestine with the extract induced a rightward shift in the Ca2+ concentration-response curves. AqWs exhibited also antispasmodic effect on carbachol (10-6 M)-induced contractions of rat jejunums with an IC50 = 1.53 ± 0.04 mg/mL. The extract at 3 mg/mL on rat jejunums pre-incubated with hexamethonium (10-4 M), atropine (10-6 M), and methylene blue (10-5 M), then contracted by KCl, decreased the maximum contraction but not totally like KCL alone without these inhibitors. For the jejunum pre-incubated with L-NAME (10-4 M), the spasmolytic effect of AqWs was comparable with KCL.

Conclusions: These results suggest that the myorelaxant and antispasmodic effects are mediated possibly via Ca2+ antagonist, anticholinergic, and guanylate cyclase mechanisms but not by adrenergic and nitric oxide pathway.

Keywords: anticholinergic; antispasmodic; calcium antagonist; guanylate cyclase; jejunum; Warionia saharae.

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Resumen

Contexto: Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss se ha utilizado ampliamente para problemas gastrointestinales en Marruecos y Argelia.

Objetivos: Explorar el posible mecanismo de su utilización ante tales dolencias con el fin de racionalizar algunos de estos usos folclóricos. Investigamos el extracto acuoso de esta planta (AqWs) para determinar la actividad antiespasmódica en yeyunos aislados de ratas y conejos.

Métodos: Para investigar la actividad contráctil de preparaciones aisladas de yeyuno de rata y conejo utilizamos técnicas in vitro. Los yeyunos se suspendieron en baños de tejido llenos de medio de cultivo KHB (37°C) y se conectaron a transductores de fuerza. Se usó AqWs (0,1-3 mg/mL) con o sin carbacol (10-6 M), KCl (25 mM), yohimbina (10-5 M), prazosina (10-5 M), propranolol (10-5 M), hexametonio (10-4 M), atropina (10-6 M), azul de metileno (10-5 M), L-NAME (10-4 M) y nifedipina (10-6 M).

Resultados: AqWs a 0,1-3 mg/mL produjeron una relajación en las contracciones basales del conejo con un IC50 = 1,55 ± 0,06 mg/mL. Este efecto fue reversible y no se vio afectado por el pretratamiento con los inhibidores de los receptores adrenérgicos α y β yohimbina, prazosina y propranolol. El extracto tuvo una actividad antiespasmódica con una CI50 = 1,25 ± 0,02 mg/mL en yeyuno de rata precontraído con medio rico en KCl (25 mM). Este resultado sugiere que el extracto tenía un efecto antagonista de Ca2+. Esto se reforzó cuando el pretratamiento del intestino con el extracto indujo un desplazamiento hacia la derecha en las curvas de concentración-respuesta de Ca2+. Los AqW también mostraron un efecto antiespasmódico sobre las contracciones del yeyuno de rata inducidas por carbacol (10-6 M) con una CI50 = 1,53 ± 0,04 mg/mL. El extracto a 3 mg/mL en yeyuno de rata preincubado con hexametonio (10-4 M), atropina (10-6 M) y azul de metileno (10-5 M), luego contraído por KCl, disminuyó la contracción máxima pero no totalmente como KCL solo sin estos inhibidores. Para el yeyuno preincubado con L-NAME (10-4 M), el efecto espasmolítico de AqWs fue comparable con KCL.

Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren que los efectos miorrelajantes y antiespasmódicos están mediados posiblemente por mecanismos antagonistas de Ca2+, anticolinérgicos y guanilato ciclasa, pero no por la vía adrenérgica y del óxido nítrico.

Palabras Clave: anticolinérgico; antiespasmódico; calcio antagonista; guanilato ciclasa; Warionia saharae; yeyuno.

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Citation Format: Amrani O, Margich M, Makrane H, Alem C, Aziz M (2021) Antispasmodic activity of Warionia saharae Benthem ex Benth. & Coss. on the rabbit and rat jejunums. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(5): 677–684.

© 2021 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)

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