Category Archives: Homeopathy

Standardization and pharmacological evidence of Acid Uric 3x Tablet

Analytical Chemistry, biochemical markers, Biochemistry, Complementary Medicine, Enzymes, Homeopathy, Inflammation
J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(6): 501-514, 2020.

Original Article

Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine

[Acid Uric 3× Tablet: estandarización y evidencia farmacológica del uso de ácido úrico como medicamento contra la gota]

Ayisha Shaukat*, Khalid Hussain, Nadeem Irfan Bukhari, Naureen Shehzadi

Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus Lahore-54000, Pakistan.
Abstract

Context: Despite being a causative agent of gout, uric acid is used as an anti-gout medicine in homeopathy without reported scientific evidence, and such highly diluted medicines lack the exact amount of active ingredient per dose, which is mandatory for pharmacological evaluation.

Aims: To determine active contents per tablet and evaluate anti-gout and anti-inflammatory activities of Acid Uric 3× Tablet, a homeopathic anti-gout medicine.

Methods: A simple RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of uric acid in Acid Uric 3× Tablet. The standardized tablet was then investigated for anti-gout activity using xanthine oxidase inhibition and potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in rats models. The tablet was also investigated for anti-inflammatory activity employing both in vitro and in vivo models.

Results: The developed HPLC method was found to be simple, sensitive and precise. Acid Uric 3× Tablet was found to contain 250 µg uric acid/tablet. This medicine inhibited xanthine oxidase activity (IC50 = 12.42 μg/mL) and lowered the serum uric acid in tablet-treated rats (1.02 mg/dL) as compared to toxic group (4.87 mg/dL). The tablet also showed anti-inflammatory activity in heat-induced protein denaturation (IC50 = 4.6 ± 1.0 µg/mL), anti-proteinase (IC50 = 4.64 ± 1.0 µg/mL), heat-induced RBC hemolysis (IC50 = 12.39 ± 1.5 µg/mL) and hypotonicity-induced hemolysis (IC50 = 11.31 ± 1.0 µg/mL). Moreover, significant anti-inflammatory activity was found in the carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model at a dose of 0.132 mg/kg.

Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that the developed HPLC method may be used to standardize Acid Uric 3× Tablet and provide scientific evidence of lowering uric acid level.

Keywords: alternative medicine; biological fluids; homeopathy; RP-HPLC; uric acid.

Resumen

Contexto: A pesar de ser un agente causal de la gota, el ácido úrico se usa como un medicamento contra la gota en la homeopatía sin evidencia científica reportada, y tales medicamentos altamente diluidos carecen de la cantidad exacta de ingrediente activo por dosis, lo cual es obligatorio para la evaluación farmacológica.

Objetivos: Determinar los contenidos activos por tableta y evaluar las actividades anti-gota y anti-inflamatorias de Acid Uric 3× Tablet, un medicamento homeopático contra la gota.

Métodos: Se desarrolló y validó un método RP-HPLC simple para la determinación de ácido úrico en Acid Uric 3× Tablet. Luego se investigó la tableta estandarizada para determinar la actividad antigota usando la inhibición de la xantina oxidasa y la hiperuricemia inducida por oxonato de potasio en modelos de ratas. La tableta también se investigó para determinar la actividad anti-inflamatoria empleando modelos in vitro e in vivo.

Resultados: El método HPLC desarrollado fue simple, sensible y preciso. Acid Uric 3× Tablet contenía 250 µg de ácido úrico/tableta. Esta inhibió la actividad de la xantina oxidasa (IC50 = 12,42 μg/mL) y redujo el ácido úrico en suero de ratas tratadas con tabletas (1,02 mg/dL) en comparación con el grupo tóxico (4,87 mg/dL). La tableta también mostró actividad anti-inflamatoria en la desnaturalización de proteínas inducida por calor (IC50 = 4,6 ± 1,0 µg/mL), antiproteinasa (IC50 = 4,64 ± 1,0 µg/mL), hemólisis de glóbulos rojos inducida por calor (IC50 = 12,39 ± 1,5 µg/mL) y hemólisis inducida por hipotonicidad (IC50 = 11,31 ± 1,0 µg/mL). Además, se encontró una actividad anti-inflamatoria significativa en el modelo de edema plantal en rata inducido por carragenano a una dosis de 0,132 mg/kg.

Conclusiones: Los resultados del estudio indican que el método de HPLC desarrollado puede usarse para estandarizar la tableta de ácido úrico y proporcionar evidencia científica de la reducción del nivel de ácido úrico.

Palabras Clave: medicina alternativa; fluidos biológicos; homeopatía; inflammation; RP-HPLC; ácido úrico.

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Citation Format: Shaukat A, Hussain K, Bukhari NI, Shehzadi N (2020) Acid Uric 3× Tablet: Standardization and pharmacological evidence of uric acid use as anti-gout medicine. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(6): 501–514.

© 2020 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)