Eremomastax speciosa eradicates H. pylori infection in mice

jppres
November 18, 2019
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J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(2): 135-145, 2020. Original Article Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) leaves aqueous extract eradicates Helicobacter pylori infection in mice [El extracto acuoso de Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) erradica la infección por Helicobacter pylori en ratones] Gaël Tchokomeni Siwe1, Rukesh Maharjan2, André Perfusion Amang3, Christophe Mezui4, Ernestine Nkwengoua Zondegoumba5, Syed Shakeel Akhtar6, Muhammad … Continue reading →

J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(2): 135-145, 2020.

Original Article

Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) leaves aqueous extract eradicates Helicobacter pylori infection in mice

[El extracto acuoso de Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) erradica la infección por Helicobacter pylori en ratones]

Gaël Tchokomeni Siwe¹, Rukesh Maharjan², André Perfusion Amang³, Christophe Mezui⁴, Ernestine Nkwengoua Zondegoumba⁵, Syed Shakeel Akhtar⁶, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary^2,7, Paul Vernyuy Tan^1*

¹Department of Animal Biology & Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

²H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

³Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon.

⁴Department of Animal Biology, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

⁵Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

⁶Department of Surgery, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

⁷Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

*E-mail: verdzekovnso@yahoo.com

Abstract

Context: Conventional treatments against Helicobacter pylori (the main cause of gastric ulcers) display some limitations because of resistance to antibiotics. Thus, elaboration of alternative treatments that are effective and with lower toxicity, remains a major challenge. Therefore, Eremomastax speciosa a plant with well-established antiulcer properties has been evaluated for its potential anti-H. pylori action.

Aims: To investigate the possible anti-Helicobacter pylori properties of the aqueous extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaves.

Methods: The air-dried leaves were powdered and infused using boiled distilled water. H. pylori isolates were obtained from gastric biopsies collected in the Civil hospital, Karachi. In vitro susceptibility tests against H. pylori were performed using microplate AlamarBlue^® assay. MIC and MBC were then determined. A rapid in vivo H. pylori eradication test was performed on mice.

Results: E. speciosa was found to be active against all H. pylori isolates with MIC at 8 mg/mL, and MBC above 32 mg/mL, indicating this extract as bacteriostatic. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed major alterations in H. pylori morphology after exposure to E. speciosa at active doses. H. pylori colonization in mice was eradicated in a dose-dependent manner by E. speciosa with significant differences at the doses of 200, and 400 mg/kg.

Conclusions: These results suggest that aqueous extract of E. speciosa may contain some potent compounds, which could be used alone or in combination with other antibiotics against H. pylori infection, and further reinforce the therapeutic use of this medicinal plant for the management of gastric ulcers.

Keywords: AlamarBlue^® assay; Eremomastax speciosa; Helicobacter pylori; NMRI mice.

Resumen

Contexto: Los tratamientos convencionales contra Helicobacter pylori (la principal causa de úlceras gástricas) presentan algunas limitaciones debido a la resistencia a los antibióticos. Por lo tanto, la elaboración de tratamientos alternativos, que sean efectivos y con menor toxicidad, sigue siendo un desafío importante. Por lo tanto, Eremomastax speciosa, una planta con propiedades antiulcerosas bien establecidas, ha sido evaluada por su potencial anti-H. pylori.

Objetivos: Investigar las posibles propiedades anti-Helicobacter pylori del extracto acuoso de hojas de Eremomastax speciosa.

Métodos: Las cepas de H. pylori se aislaron de biopsias gástricas recogidas en el hospital Civil, Karachi. Las pruebas de susceptibilidad in vitro contra H. pylori se realizaron utilizando el ensayo AlamarBlue® en microplaca. Entonces se determinaron MIC y MBC. Se realizó una prueba rápida de erradicación de H. pylori in vivo en ratones.

Resultados: E. speciosa fue activa en todas las cepas de H. pylori con MIC a 8 mg/mL y MBC por encima de 32 mg/mL, lo que indica que este extracto es bacteriostático. La microscopía de fuerza atómica y la microscopía electrónica de barrido revelaron perturbaciones en la morfología de H. pylori después de la exposición a E. speciosa. La colonización por H. pylori en ratones fue erradicado por E. speciosa con diferencias significativas en las dosis de 200 y 400 mg/kg.

Conclusiones: El extracto acuoso de E. speciosa es potente contra la infección por H. pylori y refuerza aún más el uso terapéutico de esta planta medicinal para el tratamiento de las úlceras gástricas.

Palabras Clave: ensayo AlamarBlue^®; Eremomastax speciosa; Helicobacter pylori; ratones NMRI.

Citation Format: Siwe GT, Maharjan R, Amang AP, Mezui C, Zondegoumba EN, Akhtar SS, Choudhary MI, Tan PV (2020) Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) leaves aqueous extract eradicates Helicobacter pylori infection in mice. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(2): 135–145.

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