GC-MS/antihypertensive evaluations of P. dactylifera L.

Excerpt:


J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(5): 475-490, 2020. Original Article Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro inhibitory effects of Phoenix dactylifera L. on key enzymes implicated in hypertension [Análisis de cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas y efectos inhibitorios in vitro de Phoenix dactylifera L. sobre enzimas clave implicadas en la hipertensión] Okukwe C. Obode1,2, Abiodun H. Adebayo1*, … Continue reading GC-MS/antihypertensive evaluations of P. dactylifera L.

J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(5): 475-490, 2020.

Original Article

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro inhibitory effects of Phoenix dactylifera L. on key enzymes implicated in hypertension

[Análisis de cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas y efectos inhibitorios in vitro de Phoenix dactylifera L. sobre enzimas clave implicadas en la hipertensión]

Okukwe C. Obode1,2, Abiodun H. Adebayo1*, Chunyang Li3

1Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
2Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria.
3Institute of Agro-Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Abstract

Context: Phoenix dactylifera (PD) is a medicinal plant reportedly used in folklore for hypertension management. Scientific validation for its use as an antihypertensive agent is scanty.

Aims: To investigate the bioactive compounds present in extract and differential solvent fractions, and the in vitro inhibitory effect of PD on the activities of key enzymes associated with hypertension.

Methods: Ethanol and differential solvent (ethyl acetate, butanol and water) fractions of PD were prepared using established methods and were thereafter used for the enzyme inhibition assays, which includes: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and arginase. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to evaluate bioactive compounds present in the extracts and fractions.

Results: Preliminary phytochemical evaluations revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, betacyanins and phenols in all solvent fractions. Some of the compounds detected in P. dactylifera that have been implicated in hypertension management include squalene, lauric acid, palmitic acid, caprate, stearate, vitamin E, β-sitosterol, phytol, linolenic acid, isosorbide, coumarins and taurine. Furthermore, all except the aqueous fraction exerted significantly (p<0.05) higher ACE inhibition than the control drug (lisinopril). Also, the ethanol, butanol, and aqueous fractions exerted significantly (p<0.05) higher inhibition of PDE-5 than the control drug (sildenafil). However, the aqueous fraction exhibited the highest PDE-5 and AChE inhibition at 86.99 ± 0.10 and 91.81 ± 1.20%, respectively. Also, the aqueous fraction had the highest inhibitory effect on ADA (82.87 ± 4.32%).

Conclusions: These findings, therefore, justify the use of P. dactylifera as an antihypertensive agent in the folklore medicine.

Keywords: angiotensin-converting enzyme; arginase; hypertension; Phoenix dactylifera; phosphodiesterase-5; phytochemicals.

Resumen

Contexto: Phoenix dactylifera (PD) es una planta medicinal utilizada en el folklore para el manejo de la hipertensión. La validación científica para su uso como agente antihipertensivo es escasa.

Objetivos: Investigar los compuestos bioactivos presentes en el extracto y las fracciones de solvente diferencial, y el efecto inhibidor in vitro de la PD sobre las actividades de las enzimas clave asociadas con la hipertensión.

Métodos: Las fracciones de etanol y disolvente diferencial (acetato de etilo, butanol y agua) de PD se prepararon utilizando métodos establecidos y posteriormente se usaron para los ensayos de inhibición enzimática que incluyeron: enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ACE), acetilcolinesterasa (AChE), fosfodiesterasa-5 (PDE-5), adenosina desaminasa (ADA) y arginasa. La cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas se utilizó para evaluar los compuestos bioactivos presentes en los extractos y fracciones.

Resultados: Las evaluaciones fitoquímicas preliminares revelaron la presencia de taninos, flavonoides, betacianinas y fenoles en todas las fracciones de solventes. Algunos de los compuestos detectados en P. dactylifera que han sido implicados en el manejo de la hipertensión incluyen escualeno, ácido láurico, ácido palmítico, caprato, estearato, vitamina E, β-sitosterol, fitol, ácido linolénico, isosorbida, cumarinas y taurina. Además, todos excepto la fracción acuosa ejerció una inhibición de la ECA significativamente mayor (p<0.05) que el fármaco de control (lisinopril). Además, las fracciones etanólica, butanólica y acuosa ejercieron una inhibición significativamente mayor (p<0.05) sobre PDE-5 que el fármaco control (sildenafil). Sin embargo, la fracción acuosa exhibió la inhibición más alta de PDE-5 y AChE a 86.99 ± 0.10 y 91.81 ± 1.20%, respectivamente. Además, la fracción acuosa tuvo el mayor efecto inhibidor sobre ADA (82.87 ± 4.32%).

Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos, por lo tanto, justifican el uso de P. dactylifera como agente antihipertensivo en la medicina popular.

Palabras Clave: arginasa; enzima convertidora de angiotensina; fitoquímicos; fosfodiesterasa-5; hipertensión; Phoenix dactylifera.

Download the PDF file .

Citation Format: Obode OC, Adebayo AH, Li C (2020) Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro inhibitory effects of Phoenix dactylifera L. on key enzymes implicated in hypertension. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(5): 475–490.

© 2020 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)

Alcohol gel and chlorhexidine in microbiota on hands
J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 184-192, Jan-Feb 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres23.1733_12.1.184 Original Article Alcohol in gel is as effective as chlorhexidine in the reduction of microbiota on hands in hospital nurses [El alcohol en gel es tan eficaz como la clorhexidina en la reducción de la microbiota de las manos en enfermeras … Continue reading Alcohol gel and chlorhexidine in microbiota on hands
Piperine-HPMC 2910 solid dispersion freeze drying
J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 175-183, Jan-Feb 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres23.1734_12.1.175 Original Article Enhancing the solubility and dissolution rate of piperine via preparation of piperine–hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910 solid dispersion system using freeze-drying method [Mejora de la solubilidad y la velocidad de disolución de la piperina mediante la preparación de un sistema de … Continue reading Piperine-HPMC 2910 solid dispersion freeze drying
Metabolomic of propolis in hypertension
J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 166-174, Jan-Feb 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres23.1705_12.1.166 Original Article Metabolomic study on the effect of Indonesian propolis in hypertensive rats [Estudio metabolómico del efecto del propóleo indonesio en ratas hipertensas] Ade Heri Mulyati1*, Henny Dwi Yanti1, Siti Warnasih1, Ahmad Sulaeman2, Mohamad Rafi3 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics … Continue reading Metabolomic of propolis in hypertension

© 2013-2020 by the authors; licensee JPPRes, Antofagasta, Chile. This journal is an open-access journal distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license-Non Commercial 4.0 international. The content on this site is intended for health professionals. If you are not a health professional, please talk to your doctor about any doubts or concerns regarding your health

Made with ♥ by AVAGAX Studio