J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 216-228, March-April 2023.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1509_11.2.216

Original Article

Oral supplementation of Ilex paraguariensis extract and eggshell membrane exhibit beneficial effects on the skin of mature male rats

[La suplementación oral de extracto de Ilex paraguariensis y membrana de cáscara de huevo muestran efectos beneficiosos sobre la piel de ratas macho maduras]

Maria R. Ramirez^1,2*, Ignacio Rintoul^2,3, Manuel Leiva¹, José S. Molli^2,3, Juan C. Yori^2,3

¹Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación Barceló, Centeno 710, Santo Tome CP 3340, Argentina.

²Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina.

³Facultad deIngeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nac, 168, Santa Fe CP 3000, Argentina.

*E-mail: mr.ramirez@conicet.gov.ar

Abstract

Context: Ilex paraguariensis (IP), a South American plant mostly consumed as an infusion, contains several phytocompounds with demonstrated positive effects on skin health and photoprotective properties. Eggshell membrane (ESM), a by-product of the poultry industry, also presents photoprotective properties. Both IP and ESM contain compounds that absorb ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and stop the mechanisms by which UVR damages the skin. The synergistic effects of these natural products on the reparation of skin structure and dermal collagen production deserves to be investigated.

Aims: To determine to what extent the oral supplementation of IP and ESM, administrated individually or in combination, promotes beneficial effects on the skin of mature Wistar rats.

Methods: The chemical composition of IP and ESM and the spectrophotometric solar protection factor (SPF) of the IP extract were characterized. In vitro, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were assessed using erythrocytes. In vivo investigation consisted of macro and microscopic image analysis and diagnosis of the skin of the dorsal region of rats.

Results: The IP extract showed low SPF capacity combined with a protective effect against AAPH-induced erythrocyte haemolysis. IP extract inhibited erythrocyte haemolysis induced by both hypotonic solution and heat. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the IP could be explained in terms of its membrane-stabilizing properties. Histologic analysis showed an increase in the collagen content of the skin of supplemented rats. A clear synergistic increase in collagen levels resulted when IP and ESM were administered together.

Conclusions: IP and ESM are beneficial for skin health, present synergistic effects, and could be used as ingredients in oral cosmetics.

Keywords: chemopreventive capacity; membrane-stabilizing property; skin structure.

Resumen

Contexto: El Ilex paraguariensis (IP), planta sudamericana consumida principalmente en infusión, contiene varios fitocompuestos con efectos positivos demostrados sobre la salud de la piel y propiedades fotoprotectoras. La membrana de cáscara de huevo (ESM), un subproducto de la industria avícola, también presenta propiedades fotoprotectoras. Tanto la PI como la ESM contienen compuestos que absorben la radiación ultravioleta (RUV) y detienen los mecanismos por los que la RUV daña la piel. Merece la pena investigar los efectos sinérgicos de estos productos naturales en la reparación de la estructura de la piel y la producción de colágeno dérmico.

Objetivos: Determinar en qué medida la suplementación oral de IP y ESM, administrados individualmente o en combinación, promueve efectos beneficiosos sobre la piel de ratas Wistar maduras.

Métodos: Se caracterizó la composición química de IP y ESM y el factor de protección solar (SPF) espectrofotométrico del extracto de IP. In vitro, se evaluaron los efectos antioxidantes y anti-inflamatorios utilizando eritrocitos. La investigación in vivo consistió en el análisis y diagnóstico por imagen macro y microscópica de la piel de la región dorsal de ratas.

Resultados: El extracto IP mostró una baja capacidad SPF combinada con un efecto protector contra la hemólisis eritrocitaria inducida por AAPH. El extracto IP inhibió la hemólisis eritrocitaria inducida tanto por solución hipotónica como por calor. La actividad antioxidante y anti-inflamatoria de IP podría explicarse por sus propiedades estabilizadoras de la membrana. El análisis histológico mostró un aumento del contenido de colágeno de la piel de las ratas suplementadas. Cuando se administraron conjuntamente IP y ESM se produjo un claro aumento sinérgico de los niveles de colágeno.

Conclusiones: IP y ESM son beneficiosos para la salud de la piel, presentan efectos sinérgicos y podrían utilizarse como ingredientes en cosméticos orales.

Palabras Clave: capacidad quimiopreventiva; propiedad estabilizadora de la membrana; estructura de la piel.

Citation Format: Ramirez MR, Rintoul I, Leiva M, Molli S, Yori JC (2023) Oral supplementation of Ilex paraguariensis extract and eggshell membrane exhibit beneficial effects on the skin of mature male rats. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 11(2): 216–228. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1509_11.2.216

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