Nicotiana tabacum causes renal damage

Excerpt:


J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(3): 191-200, 2020. Original Article The GC-MS fingerprints of Nicotiana tabacum L. extract and propensity for renal impairment and modulation of serum triglycerides in Wistar rats [Las huellas digitales por GC-MS de extracto de Nicotiana tabacum L. y la propensión a la insuficiencia renal y la modulación de los triglicéridos en suero en … Continue reading Nicotiana tabacum causes renal damage

J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(3): 191-200, 2020.

Original Article

The GC-MS fingerprints of Nicotiana tabacum L. extract and propensity for renal impairment and modulation of serum triglycerides in Wistar rats

[Las huellas digitales por GC-MS de extracto de Nicotiana tabacum L. y la propensión a la insuficiencia renal y la modulación de los triglicéridos en suero en ratas Wistar]

Faoziyat A. Sulaiman1, Mikail O. Nafiu1, Babalola O. Yusuf1, Hamdalat F. Muritala1, Sherif B. Adeyemi2, Sikemi A. Omar1, Kehinde A. Dosumu1, Zainab J. Adeoti1, Oluwafunmilayo A. Adegbesan1, Basirat O. Busari1, David A. Otohinoyi3, Damilare Rotimi4, Gaber E. Batiha5, Oluyomi S. Adeyemi4*

1Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
2Ethnobotany Unit, Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
3College of Medicine, All Saints University, Saint Vincent and Grenadines.
4Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Omu-Aran – 251101, Nigeria.
5Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
Abstract

Context: Nicotiana tabacum is an herbaceous plant mostly known as tobacco. Locally, people do extract this plant with cow urine, they call it “Adimenu” and they claimed it is effective in managing various ailments, even with taking just a spoonful of the extract. Thus, profiling the toxicity and or otherwise of the cow-urine extracted tobacco plant cannot be overemphasized.

Aims: To characterize the cow urine extracts of N. tabacum and evaluated the sub-acute toxicity of smokeless exposure in male Wistar rats.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into groups and exposed to different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) of N. tabacum extract for 7 and 28 days, after which the animals were sacrificed for the biochemical assays.

Results: The GC-MS analysis revealed 21 compounds in the N. tabacum extract. As expected, nicotine was predominant among the identified compounds. The sub-acute exposure of rats to cow-urine extract of N. tabacum extract might have altered rat metabolic homeostasis, triggering adaptive mechanisms, while impairing renal functions. The N. tabacum extract also modulated (p<0.05) rat serum lipid profile when compared with control.

Conclusions: Findings in this study suggest that the cow-urine extract of N. tabacum exposure in male Wistar rats might have perturbed rat renal functions as well as modulated serum lipid profile. This research, therefore, recommends to local consumers to be cautious of the rate at which they consume their regular “Adimenu”.

Keywords: biochemical toxicity; lipid profiling; medicinal biochemistry; safety assessment.

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Resumen

Contexto: Nicotiana tabacum es una planta herbácea conocida principalmente como tabaco. A nivel local, las personas extraen esta planta con orina de vaca, la llaman “Adimenu” y afirman que es efectiva para controlar varias dolencias, incluso con solo tomar una cucharada del extracto. Por lo tanto, no se puede subestimar el perfil de la toxicidad de la planta de tabaco extraída de orina de vaca.

Objetivos: Caracterizar los extractos de orina de vaca de N. tabacum y evaluar la toxicidad subaguda de estos en ratas Wistar machos.

Métodos: Cuarenta ratas Wistar macho fueron asignadas al azar en grupos y expuestas a diferentes dosis (50, 100 y 200 mg/kg de peso corporal) de extracto de N. tabacum durante 7 y 28 días, después de lo cual los animales fueron sacrificados para los ensayos bioquímicos.

Resultados: El análisis GC-MS reveló 21 compuestos en el extracto de N. tabacum. Como se esperaba, la nicotina fue predominante entre los compuestos identificados. La exposición subaguda de las ratas al extracto podría haber alterado la homeostasis metabólica de la rata, desencadenando mecanismos de adaptación, al tiempo que afecta las funciones renales. El extracto de N. tabacum también moduló perfil lipídico de suero de rata en comparación con el control (p<0.05).

Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la exposición de ratas Wistar machos al extracto de N. tabacum en orina de vaca podría haber perturbado las funciones renales, así como modulado el perfil lipídico sérico. Por lo tanto, esta investigación recomienda a los consumidores locales precaución con la frecuencia a la que consumen de forma regular el “Adimenu”.

Palabras Clave: bioquímica medicinal; evaluación de la seguridad; perfil lipídico; toxicidad bioquímica.

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Citation Format: Sulaiman FA, Nafiu MO, Muritala HF, Adeyemi SB, Yusuf BO, Omar SA, Dosumu KA, Adeoti ZJ, Adegbesan OA, Busari BO, Otohinoyi DA, Romiti D, Batiha GE, Adeyemi OS (2020) The GC-MS fingerprints of Nicotiana tabacum L. extract and propensity for renal impairment and modulation of serum triglycerides in Wistar rats. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 8(3): 191–200.

© 2020 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)

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