J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 33-46, January-February 2023.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1477_11.1.33

Original Article

Quantification and in vitro photo-protective studies of phenolic compounds from Baccharis papillosa Rusby

[Cuantificación y estudios de fotoprotección in vitro de compuestos fenólicos de Baccharis papillosa Rusby]

Alberto Calle^1#, Cecilia K. Curi-Borda^1#, Cervando Gutiérrez^1,2, Lily Salcedo¹, Yonny Flores¹, Giovanna R. Almanza¹*

¹Laboratorio de Bioorgánica, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Calle Andrés Bello y Calle 27 Cota Cota, Edificio FCPN, 4º Piso, La Paz- Bolivia.

²Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmaceúticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Av. Saavedra 222, Miraflores, La Paz-Bolivia.

^#Authors contributed equally to the present study.

*E-mail: galmanza@fcpn.edu.bo

Abstract

Context: The ethanolic extract of the leaves from Baccharis papillosa, a plant used in Bolivian folk medicine, presents high UVB/UVA absorption spectrum, and therefore, it could have photo-protective potential.

Aims: To isolate, identify and quantify the compounds of an enriched extract in phenolic compounds obtained from the ethanolic extract of Baccharis papillosa in different seasons and geographical altitudes, and evaluate its photo-protective potential.

Methods: The enriched extract in phenolic compounds was submitted to phytochemical analysis for compound isolation. The enriched extract and isolated compounds were identified by NMR, and monitored by HPLC and spectroscopic methods. The enriched extract with photo-protective potential was analyzed to determine its Spectroscopic Sun Protection Factor (SSPF), its Broad Spectrum Index (BSI) and its photo-protective activity on Escherichia coli bacteria.

Results: Six flavonoids and two cinnamic acid derivatives were isolated and identified. Four of them are reported in B. papillosa for the first time in this study. The highest concentration of total flavonoids was observed in spring and at the highest altitude. The major compound, drupanin, was the main responsible of the high UVB (290-320 nm) absorption spectrum. The high presence of flavonoids in the extract explains the absorption spectrum in the UVA (320-400 nm) region.

Conclusions: The phenolic compounds enriched extract has photo-protective properties comparable to standard commercial synthetic sunscreens and presents an attractive BSI.

Keywords: Broad Spectrum Index (BSI); cinnamic acid derivative; flavonoids; photo-protective activity; Spectroscopic Sun Protection Factor (SSPF).

Resumen

Contexto: El extracto etanólico de las hojas de Baccharis papillosa, planta utilizada en la medicina popular boliviana, presenta un alto espectro de absorción UVB/UVA por lo que podría presentar potencial fotoprotector.

Objetivos: Aislar, identificar y cuantificar los compuestos de un extracto enriquecido en compuestos fenólicos obtenido a partir del extracto etanólico de Baccharis papillosa en diferentes épocas del año y altitudes geográficas y evaluar su potencial fotoprotector.

Métodos: El extracto enriquecido en compuestos fenólicos fue sometido a análisis fitoquímicos para aislamiento de compuestos. El extracto enriquecido y los compuestos aislados fueron identificados por RMN, y monitoreados por HPLC y métodos espectroscópicos. El potencial fotoprotector del extracto enriquecido se analizó mediante la determinación de su Factor de Protección Solar Espectroscópico (SSPF), su Índice de Amplio Espectro (BSR) y su actividad fotoprotectora sobre bacterias Escherichia coli.

Resultados: Se aislaron e identificaron seis flavonoides y dos derivados del ácido cinámico, de los cuales, cuatro de ellos se reportan en este estudio por primera vez en esta especie. La mayor concentración de flavonoides totales se observó en primavera y a mayor altura. El compuesto mayoritario, drupanina, fue el principal responsable del alto espectro de absorción UVB (290-320 nm) del extracto enriquecido. La alta presencia de flavonoides en el extracto explica el espectro de absorción en la región UVA (320-400 nm).

Conclusiones: El extracto enriquecido en compuestos fenólicos tiene propiedades fotoprotectoras comparables a filtros solares sintéticos comerciales estándar y presenta un amplio espectro de protección solar.

Palabras Clave: derivado del ácido cinámico; factor de protección solar espectroscópico; flavonoides; fotoprotección; índice de amplio espectro.

Citation Format: Calle A, Curi-Borda CK, Gutierrez C, Salcedo L, Flores Y, Almanza GR (2023) Quantification and in vitro photo-protective studies of phenolic compounds from Baccharis papillosa Rusby. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 11(1): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1477_11.1.33

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