J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 101-109, January-February 2023.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1529_11.1.101

Original Article

Bioadsorption of silver ions by calcareous chitin, chitin and chitosan

[Bioadsorción de iones de plata por quitina calcárea, quitina y quitosano]

John Jáuregui-Nongrados¹, Angel T. Alvarado^2*, Miguel Mucha¹, Ana M. Muñoz³, Haydee Chávez⁴, Aura Molina-Cabrera⁴, Pompeyo A. Cuba-García⁴, Elizabeth J. Melgar-Merino⁴, Mario Bolarte-Arteaga⁵, Jaime A. Mori-Castro⁶

¹Environmental Engineering, San Ignacio de Loyola University, La Molina 15024, Lima, Peru.

²International Research Network of Pharmacology and Precision Medicine (REDIFMEP), San Ignacio de Loyola University, La Molina 15024, Lima, Peru.

³Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, ICAN, San Ignacio de Loyola University, La Molina 15024, Lima, Peru.

⁴Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, San Luis Gonzaga National University of Ica, 11004, Ica, Peru.

⁵Human Medicine, Continental University, Los Olivos 15304, Lima, Peru.

⁶Professional School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Norbert Wiener University, Lince 15046, Lima, Peru.

*E-mail: angel.alvarado@usil.pe

Abstract

Context: Calcareous chitin, chitin, chitosan, and their modifications are used as bioadsorbents of metals and dyes that cause environmental pollution, endocrine disruption, and human diseases.

Aims: To evaluate the selective bioadsorption of silver ions (Ag⁺) by calcareous chitin, chitin, and chitosan.

Methods: Experimental and prospective study. The presence of functional groups of the bioadsorbents was identified by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ¹H-NMR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Elovich models were applied to describe the adsorption capacity of bioadsorbents according to granule size (20-40, 40-60, 60-80 meshes) and temperature (10, 20, and 30°C).

Results: The FT-IR spectrum of calcareous chitin indicates the presence of carbonate (CO₃⁼ 1420 cm^-1), amide III (1313 cm^-1), –OH groups (3441.90 cm^-1), and pyranose structure (952.83 cm^-1); chitin has –OH groups (3441.90 cm^-1), NH (3268 cm^-1), amide I (1654 cm^-1) and II (1559 cm^-1); chitosan has –OH groups (3419.90 cm^-1), –NH (3200 cm^-1), amide I (1712.18 cm^-1), –NH₂ (1654.46 cm^-1), amide III (1317.11 cm^-1) and pyranose structure (1070.12 cm^-1 and 1031 cm^-1). The Langmuir model indicates greater bioadsorption of Ag⁺ ions at smaller particle sizes (60-80 = 0.25-0.18 mm) and at a temperature of 20-30°C.

Conclusions: The bioadsorption of silver ions (Ag⁺) by chitosan is greater with respect to calcareous chitin and chitin; the Langmuir model fits for the Ag⁺ isotherm and suggests that the process is controlled by physisorption.

Keywords: bioadsorption; calcareous chitin; chitin; chitosan; silver ions.

Resumen

Contexto: La quitina calcárea, quitina, quitosano y sus modificaciones se utilizan como bioadsorbentes de metales y tintes causantes de la contaminación medioambiental, disrupción endocrina y enfermedades en humanos.

Objetivos: Evaluar la bioadsorción selectiva de iones plata (Ag⁺) por quitina calcárea, quitina y quitosano.

Métodos: Estudio experimental y prospectivo. Se identificó la presencia de grupos funcionales de los bioadsorbentes por espectroscopia infrarroja transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), espectroscopia ¹H-RMN y por microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). Se aplicó los modelos de Langmuir, Freundlich, y Elovich, para describir la capacidad de adsorción de los bioadsorbentes de acuerdo al tamaño del granulo (20-40, 40-60, 60-80 meshes) y temperatura (10, 20 y 30°C).

Resultados: El espectro FT-IR de la quitina calcárea indica presencia de carbonato (CO₃⁼ 1420 cm^-1), amida III (1313 cm^-1), grupos –OH (3441,90 cm^-1) y estructura piranósica (952,83 cm^-1); quitina presenta grupos –OH (3441,90 cm^-1), NH (3268 cm^-1), amida I (1654cm^-1) y II (1559 cm^-1); quitosano se identifica grupos –OH (3419.90 cm^-1), –NH (3200 cm^-1), amida I (1712.18 cm^-1), –NH₂ (1654.46 cm^-1), amida III (1317.11 cm^-1) y estructura piranósica (1070.12 cm^-1 y 1031 cm^-1). El modelo de Langmuir indica mayor bioadsorción de iones Ag⁺ a menor tamaño de partícula (60-80 = 0.25-0.18 mm) y a una temperatura de 20-30°C.

Conclusiones: La bioadsorción de iones de plata (Ag⁺) por quitosano es mayor respecto a quitina calcárea y quitina; el modelo de Langmuir se ajusta para la isoterma de Ag⁺ y sugiere que el proceso está controlado por fisisorción.

Palabras Clave: bioadsorción; iones plata; quitina; quitina calcárea; quitosano.

Citation Format: Jáuregui J, Alvarado AT, Mucha M, Muñoz AM, Chávez H, Molina A, Cuba PA, Melgar EJ, Bolarte M, Mori JA (2023) Bioadsorption of silver ions by calcareous chitin, chitin and chitosan. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 11(1): 101–109. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1529_11.1.101

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