J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 55-62, January-February 2023.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1518_11.1.55

Original Article

The role of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme and interleukin-6 levels on the prognosis of non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients

[Papel de los niveles plasmáticos de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina e interleucina-6 en el pronóstico de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica no sometidos a diálisis]

Hendri Susilo^1,2**, Mochammad Thaha^3,4, Budi Susetyo Pikir^1,2, Mochamad Yusuf Alsagaff^1,2, Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro^3,4, Ifan Ali Wafa⁵, Nando Reza Pratama⁵, David Setyo Budi⁵, Bayu Satria Wiratama⁶, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu^7,8*

¹Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

²Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

³Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

⁵Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

⁶Departement of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.

⁷Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

⁸Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.

E-mail: ^*citrawati.dyah@fk.unair.ac.id; ^**hendrisusilo@staf.unair.ac.id

Abstract

Context: Inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were discovered to play significant roles in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is, however, no research on the direct impact of high plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels on CKD prognosis, particularly in non-hemodialysis patients.

Aims: To investigate the potential role of plasma ACE and IL-6 levels in CKD prognosis.

Methods: A total of 75 non-dialysis CKD patients participated in this cross-sectional study. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) and albuminuria were used to determine the prognosis of CKD. The plasma ACE and IL-6 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Spearman’s rank correlational analysis was used to examine the relationship between ACE and IL-6 plasma levels with the prognosis of CKD.

Results: The result showed a statistically significant correlation between age and plasma ACE (p = 0.038, r = 0.241), serum creatinine, and urine albumin-creatinine ratio with CKD prognosis (p<0.0001). A negative significant correlation was found between the e-GFR and CKD prognosis (p<0.0001). Additionally, there were also significant correlations between plasma ACE and IL-6 with CKD prognosis (p = 0.021, r = 0.266 and p = 0.04, r = 0.238, respectively). A significant positive correlation was also found between plasma ACE and IL-6 (p = 0.024, r = 0.260).

Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between plasma ACE and IL-6 levels with CKD prognosis. Further investigation revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between plasma ACE and IL-6 levels.

Keywords: angiotensin converting enzyme; chronic kidney disease; interleukin-6; non-hemodialysis; prognosis.

Resumen

Contexto: Se ha descubierto que los factores inflamatorios y el estrés oxidativo desempeñan un papel importante en la progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). Sin embargo, no existen investigaciones sobre la repercusión directa de los niveles elevados de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) e interleucina (IL)-6 en plasma sobre el pronóstico de la ERC, en particular en los pacientes que no están en hemodiálisis.

Objetivos: Investigar el papel potencial de los niveles plasmáticos de ECA e IL-6 en el pronóstico de la ERC.

Métodos: Un total de 75 pacientes con ERC no en diálisis participaron en este estudio transversal. Se utilizaron la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada (TFGe) y la albuminuria para determinar el pronóstico de la ERC. Los niveles plasmáticos de ECA e IL-6 se midieron mediante un inmunoensayo enzimático (ELISA). Se utilizó el análisis correlacional por rangos de Spearman para examinar la relación entre los niveles plasmáticos de ECA e IL-6 y el pronóstico de la ERC.

Resultados: El resultado mostró una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la edad y la ECA plasmática (p = 0,038, r = 0,241), la creatinina sérica y el cociente albúmina-creatinina en orina con el pronóstico de la ERC (p<0,0001). Se encontró una correlación negativa significativa entre el e-GFR y el pronóstico de la ERC (p<0,0001). Además, también hubo correlaciones significativas entre la ECA y la IL-6 plasmáticas con el pronóstico de la ERC (p = 0,021, r = 0,266 y p = 0,04, r = 0,238, respectivamente). También se halló una correlación positiva significativa entre la ECA plasmática y la IL-6 (p = 0,024, r = 0,260).

Conclusiones: Existe una correlación significativa entre los niveles plasmáticos de ECA e IL-6 con el pronóstico de la ERC. Investigaciones posteriores revelaron una relación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles plasmáticos de ECA e IL-6.

Palabras Clave: enfermedad renal crónica; enzima convertidora de angiotensina; interleucina-6; no hemodiálisis; pronóstico.

Citation Format: Susilo H, Thaha M, Pikir BS, Alsagaff MY, Suryantoro SD, Wafa IA, Pratama NR, Budi DS, Wiratama BS, Wungu CDK (2023) The role of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme and interleukin-6 levels on the prognosis of non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 11(1): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1518_11.1.55

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