Tag Archives: Wistar rats

Acute toxicity of interruptin-rich extract in rats

Pharmaceutical Science, , , , ,

J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 800-811, September-October 2022.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1392_10.5.800

Original Article

Acute oral toxicological evaluation in Wistar rats of interruptin-rich extract from Cyclosorus terminans and its in vitro antidiabetic potential

[Evaluación toxicológica oral aguda en ratas Wistar del extracto de Cyclosorus terminans rico en interruptina y su potencial antidiabético in vitro]

Sujinda Songtrai1,2, Kwanchanok Dejyong3, Sireewan Kaewsuwan1,2*

1Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.

2Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.

3Laboratory Animal Facility Unit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.

*E-mail: songsri.k@psu.ac.th

Abstract

Context: Interruptins A and B derivatives from edible fern Cyclosorus terminans have been reported properties including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Unfortunately, studies on its safety are still scarce.

Aims: To evaluate the acute oral toxicity of interruptin-rich extract (IRE) from C. terminans in Wistar rats and examine the antidiabetic potential of IRE in vitro.

Methods: IRE was evaluated cytotoxicity by MTT assay and potency of glucose consumption in hepatocyte and skeletal muscle cells. IRE was evaluated for acute toxicity in Wistar rats by following OECD 420 guidelines. Wistar rats were single oral administrated of 2000 mg/kg IRE and further observed for 14 days. LCMS was assessed for verifying IRE absorption into the bloodstream. Hematological, biochemical parameters and microscopic examination of heart, liver and kidney were evaluated.

Results: IRE demonstrated no cytotoxicity toward hepatocytes and skeletal muscle cells and facilitated glucose consumption into cells. In the acute toxicity study, on day 14, after a single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg IRE, no mortality and behavioral alterations. There was no change in metabolic parameters. Histopathology of heart, liver and kidney showed normal architecture.

Conclusions: Thus, LD50 of IRE was considered superior to 2000 mg/kg. Hence the extract can be utilized safely and could provide a capability for diabetic control.

Keywords: acute toxicity; antidiabetic; Cyclosorus terminans; histopathology; Wistar rats.

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Resumen

Contexto: Se han informado propiedades de los derivados de las interruptinas A y B del helecho comestible Cyclosorus terminans, que incluyen actividades antibacterianas, anticancerígenas, antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias y antidiabéticas. Desafortunadamente, los estudios sobre su seguridad aún son escasos.

Objetivos: Evaluar la toxicidad oral aguda del extracto rico en interruptina (IRE) de C. terminans en ratas Wistar y examinar el potencial antidiabético de IRE in vitro.

Métodos: Se evaluó la citotoxicidad de IRE mediante ensayo MTT y la potencia de consumo de glucosa en hepatocitos y células de músculo esquelético. Se evaluó la toxicidad aguda de IRE en ratas Wistar siguiendo las directrices de la OCDE 420. A ratas Wistar se les administró por vía oral una sola dosis de 2000 mg/kg de IRE y se observaron durante 14 días. Se evaluó mediante LCMS para verificar la absorción de IRE en el torrente sanguíneo. Se evaluaron parámetros hematológicos, bioquímicos y examen microscópico de corazón, hígado y riñón.

Resultados: IRE no demostró citotoxicidad hacia los hepatocitos y las células del músculo esquelético y facilitó el consumo de glucosa en las células. En el estudio de toxicidad aguda, el día 14, tras una única administración oral de 2000 mg/kg IRE, no hubo mortalidad ni alteraciones del comportamiento. No hubo cambios en los parámetros metabólicos. La histopatología de corazón, hígado y riñón mostró una arquitectura normal.

Conclusiones: Así, la DL50 de IRE se consideró superior a 2000 mg/kg. Por lo tanto, el extracto se puede utilizar de forma segura y proporcionaría una capacidad para el control de la diabetes.

Palabras Clave: toxicidad aguda; antidiabético; Cyclosorus terminans; histopatología; ratas Wistar.

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Citation Format: Songtrai S, Dejyong K, Kaewsuwan K (2022) Acute oral toxicological evaluation in Wistar rats of interruptin-rich extract from Cyclosorus terminans and its in vitro antidiabetic potential. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 10(5): 800–811. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres22.1392_10.5.800
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© 2022 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)

Phenolic fraction concentrate of Phoenix dactylifera seeds

Pharmaceutical Science, , , , ,


J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(6): 921-936, 2021.

Original article

Phenolic fraction concentrate of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds: A promising antioxidant and glucose regulator

[Concentrado de fracción fenólica de semillas de Phoenix dactylifera L.: Un prometedor antioxidante y regulador de glucosa]

Samir Bikri1*, Youssef Aboussaleh1, Nermeen Abuelezz2, Hajar Benmhammed1, Assia Berrani3, Ismail Louragli1, Ahmed Omar Touhami Ahami1

1Laboratory of Biology and Health, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.

2Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.

3Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.

*E-mail: samir.bikri@uit.ac.ma, samir-bikri@outlook.fr

Abstract

Context: The beneficial effects of natural polyphenolic compounds are increasingly emerging as powerful antioxidants and digestive boosters. Phoenix dactylifera seeds are recently identified as a healthy functional food with rich amounts of phenolic compounds.

Aims: To analyzing the phenolic profile obtained from Moroccan variety of date seeds and evaluating the inhibitory capacity against digestive enzymes and the antioxidant potential of phenolic fraction concentrate (PFC) of date seeds as a promising antihyperglycemic agent.

Methods: Lineweaver–Burk plot analysis was performed to evaluate PFC inhibitory effect against digestive enzyme activity in the presence of different doses of a substrate. Wistar rats were recruited to determine the acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of PFC. Finally, the optimal dose of PFC was selected and its effects on metabolic, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined.

Results: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that PFC contains abundant amounts of phenolic acid: Caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid. PFC showed powerful antioxidant activity as determined by scavenging and reducing assays. PFC significantly inhibited alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes by 87.3% and 78.7%, respectively, via mixed manipulation of Km and Vmax. Acute toxicity examinations revealed PFC to be practically non-toxic with LD50 > 5000mg PFC/kg for both sexes of rats. The no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for oral administration of PFC were 1000 and 2500 mg/kg for both sexes. Finally, the sub-acute study showed that a PFC dose of 50 mg/kg did not cause any changes in metabolic, biochemical and hematological parameters and was considered to be the optimal healthy dose for rats. Consequently, it induces improvement in glucose concentration in rats.

Conclusions: The rational use of phenolic date seeds fraction presents powerful antioxidant and blood glucose regulating nutraceutical that could aid in diabetes mellitus management.

Keywords: acute and sub-acute toxicity; antioxidant activity; digestive enzyme; Moroccan date seeds; phenolic fraction concentrates; Wistar rats.

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Resumen

Contexto: Las semillas de Phoenix dactylifera se identificaron recientemente como un alimento funcional saludable con grandes cantidades de compuestos fenólicos.

Objetivos: Analizar el perfil fenólico de la variedad marroquí de semillas de dátiles y evaluar la capacidad inhibidora frente a las enzimas digestivas y el potencial antioxidante del concentrado de la fracción fenólica (PFC) como agente antihiperglucémico prometedor.

Métodos: Se realizó un análisis del diagrama de Lineweaver-Burk para evaluar el efecto inhibidor de la PFC contra la actividad de las enzimas digestivas en presencia de diferentes dosis de sustrato. Se reclutaron ratas Wistar para determinar la toxicidad oral aguda y subaguda de la PFC. Finalmente, se seleccionó la dosis óptima de PFC y se determinaron sus efectos sobre parámetros metabólicos, hematológicos y bioquímicos.

Resultados: El análisis de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC) reveló que el PFC contiene abundantes cantidades de ácido fenólico: ácido cafeico, ácido clorogénico, ácido 3,4-dihidroxibenzoico, ácido p-hidroxibenzoico y ácido 3-hidroxibenzoico. El PFC mostró una potente actividad antioxidante determinada mediante ensayos de eliminación y reducción. PFC inhibió significativamente las enzimas alfa-amilasa y alfa-glucosidasa en 87,3 y 78,7%, respectivamente mediante la manipulación mixta de Km y Vmax. Los exámenes de toxicidad aguda revelaron que el PFC fue prácticamente no tóxico con LD50 > 5000 mg PFC/kg para ambos sexos de rata. El nivel sin efectos adversos observados (NOAEL) y el nivel mínimo de efectos adversos observados (NOAEL) para la administración oral de PFC fueron respectivamente 1000 y 2500 mg/kg para ambos sexos. Finalmente, el estudio sub-agudo mostró que la dosis de PFC 50 mg/kg no provocó ningún cambio en los parámetros metabólicos, bioquímicos y hematológicos y se consideró la dosis óptima en ratas. En consecuencia, induce una mejora en la concentración de glucosa en ratas.

Conclusiones: El uso racional de fracción fenólica de semillas de dátiles presenta un potente nutracéutico antioxidante y regulador de la glucosa en sangre que podría ayudar en el manejo de la diabetes mellitus.

Palabras Clave: actividad antioxidante; concentrado fracción fenólica; enzima digestiva; ratas Wistar; semilla dátiles marroquíes; toxicidad aguda y subaguda.

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Citation Format: Samir B, Aboussaleh Y, Abuelezz N, Benmhammed H, Berrani A, Louragli I, Ahami A (2021) Phenolic fraction concentrate of Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds: A promising antioxidant and glucose regulator. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 9(6): 921–936.

© 2021 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research (JPPRes)