{"id":19667,"date":"2025-05-07T15:14:44","date_gmt":"2025-05-07T19:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/?p=19667"},"modified":"2025-05-07T15:19:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T19:19:15","slug":"bioactive-compounds-extraction-of-t-diversifolia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/bioactive-compounds-extraction-of-t-diversifolia\/","title":{"rendered":"Bioactive compounds extraction of T. diversifolia"},"content":{"rendered":"

J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1313-1326, Sep-Oct 2025<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56499\/jppres24.2201_13.5.1313<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Original Article<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Optimizing bioactive compounds extraction and cell viability effect of Tithonia diversifolia<\/i> (Hemsl.) A. Gray dry flower extracts<\/h1>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

[Optimizaci\u00f3n de la extracci\u00f3n de compuestos bioactivos y el efecto de la viabilidad celular de extractos de flores secas de Tithonia diversifolia<\/i> (Hemsl.) A. Gray]<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Robson M. da Gama\u00b9*<\/sup>, Andrea A. Ruggiero\u00b9, Gislaine P. Andrade\u00b2, Jos\u00e9 Armando-Junior\u00b9, Maria A.S. Pinhal2<\/sup><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00b9Laborat\u00f3rio de Produtos Naturais e Farmac\u00eauticos, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC, Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil.<\/p>\r\n

\u00b2Disciplina de Bioqu\u00edmica, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC, Santo Andr\u00e9, Brazil.<\/p>\r\n

*E-mail: robson.gama@fmabc.net<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Context<\/em>: Tithonia diversifolia<\/em> (Hemsl.) A. Gray, a species native to Mexico and Central America, is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions of Central America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania.<\/p>\r\n

Aims<\/em>: To characterize and optimize the dried flowers of T. diversifolia<\/em>, focusing on their physicochemical properties, the extraction process, and the viability of HaCaT cells treated with the most effective extract.<\/p>\r\n

Methods<\/em>: The dried flowers of T. diversifolia<\/em> were analyzed for various physicochemical parameters, including loss on drying, particle size, moisture content, pH, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and extractable matter. A factorial design (Design of Experiments, DoE) was employed to evaluate and optimize the extraction process based on the contents of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, determined via colorimetric analysis. The extraction conditions investigated included drug-to-solvent ratios (1:20 and 1:10) and maceration durations (1 and 7 days). The HaCaT cell viability assay was conducted using the extract that was identified as optimal.<\/p>\r\n

Results<\/em>: The physicochemical properties of the dried flowers conformed to the standards set by the Brazilian Pharmacopeia. The optimal extraction conditions for maximizing total phenolic and flavonoid content were a drug-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 and a maceration period of one day. The selected extract, at a concentration of 0.1 mg\/mL, exhibited no cytotoxic effects on HaCaT cells after 24 hours of exposure.<\/p>\r\n

Conclusions<\/em>: The application of DoE effectively enhanced the interpretability of the experimental results. The observed cell viability following 24 and 72 hours of extract exposure suggests a potential regenerative effect of the extract on human epithelial (HaCaT) cells.<\/p>\r\n

Keywords<\/em>: cytotoxicity; factorial design; polyphenol compounds; Tithonia diversifolia<\/em> (Hemsl.) A. Gray.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

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Resumen<\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Contexto<\/em>: Tithonia diversifolia<\/em> (Hemsl.) A. Gray, especie nativa de M\u00e9xico y Centroam\u00e9rica, est\u00e1 ampliamente distribuida por regiones tropicales y subtropicales de Centroam\u00e9rica, Sudam\u00e9rica, \u00c1frica, Asia y Ocean\u00eda.<\/p>\r\n

Objetivos<\/em>: Caracterizar y optimizar las flores secas de T. diversifolia<\/em>, centr\u00e1ndose en sus propiedades fisicoqu\u00edmicas, el proceso de extracci\u00f3n y la viabilidad de las c\u00e9lulas HaCaT tratadas con el extracto m\u00e1s eficaz.<\/p>\r\n

M\u00e9todos:<\/em> Se analizaron las flores secas de T. diversifolia<\/em> para determinar diversos par\u00e1metros fisicoqu\u00edmicos, como la p\u00e9rdida por desecaci\u00f3n, el tama\u00f1o de las part\u00edculas, el contenido de humedad, el pH, las cenizas totales, las cenizas insolubles en \u00e1cido y la materia extra\u00edble. Se emple\u00f3 un dise\u00f1o factorial (Dise\u00f1o de Experimentos, DoE) para evaluar y optimizar el proceso de extracci\u00f3n en funci\u00f3n de los contenidos de compuestos fen\u00f3licos totales y flavonoides, determinados mediante an\u00e1lisis colorim\u00e9trico. Las condiciones de extracci\u00f3n investigadas incluyeron las relaciones f\u00e1rmaco-disolvente (1:20 y 1:10) y las duraciones de maceraci\u00f3n (1 y 7 d\u00edas). El ensayo de viabilidad de c\u00e9lulas HaCaT se realiz\u00f3 con el extracto que se identific\u00f3 como \u00f3ptimo.<\/p>\r\n

Resultados<\/em>: Las propiedades fisicoqu\u00edmicas de las flores secas se ajustaron a las normas establecidas por la Farmacopea Brasile\u00f1a. Las condiciones \u00f3ptimas de extracci\u00f3n para maximizar el contenido total de fenoles y flavonoides fueron una relaci\u00f3n droga-disolvente de 1:10 y un per\u00edodo de maceraci\u00f3n de un d\u00eda. El extracto seleccionado, a una concentraci\u00f3n de 0,1 mg\/mL, no mostr\u00f3 efectos citot\u00f3xicos sobre las c\u00e9lulas HaCaT tras 24 horas de exposici\u00f3n.<\/p>\r\n

Conclusiones<\/em>: La aplicaci\u00f3n de DoE mejor\u00f3 eficazmente la interpretabilidad de los resultados experimentales. La viabilidad celular observada tras 24 y 72 horas de exposici\u00f3n al extracto sugiere un potencial efecto regenerador del extracto sobre c\u00e9lulas epiteliales humanas (HaCaT).<\/p>\r\n

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Palabras Clave<\/em>: citotoxicidad; compuestos polifen\u00f3licos; dise\u00f1o factorial; Tithonia diversifolia<\/em> (Hemsl.) A. Gray.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

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Citation Format:<\/strong> Gama RM, Ruggiero AA, Andrade GP, Armando-Junior J, Pinhal MAS (2025) Optimizing bioactive compounds extraction and cell viability effect of Tithonia diversifolia<\/em> (Hemsl.) A. Gray dry flower extracts. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 13(5): 1313\u20131326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56499\/jppres24.2201_13.5.1313<\/a><\/pre>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
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\u00a9 2025 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 1313-1326, Sep-Oct 2025. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56499\/jppres24.2201_13.5.1313 Original Article Optimizing bioactive compounds extraction and cell viability effect of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray dry flower extracts [Optimizaci\u00f3n de la extracci\u00f3n de compuestos bioactivos y el efecto de la viabilidad celular de extractos de flores secas de Tithonia diversifolia … Continue reading Bioactive compounds extraction of T. diversifolia<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pharmaceutical-science"],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19667\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jppres.com\/jppres\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}