J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 14, no. 3, Article ID 2854, May-Jun 2026.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres_14.3.2854
Original Article
Authentication, volatile profiling, and anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. oils
[Autenticación, perfil volátil y actividad anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa de los aceites de Lavandula coronopifolia Poir.]
Fatma M. Abdel Bar1*, Ayman A. Salkini1, Razan F. Alotaibi2, Rawan S. Alweh2, Engy Elekhnawy3, Mai H. ElNaggar4
1Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
2College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
3Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
4Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
*E-mail: f.abdelbar@psau.edu.sa
Abstract
Context: Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. is used in traditional medicine, but quality-control markers and comparative bioactivity data for its volatile fractions remain limited.
Aims: The study was designed to authenticate commercial dried flower samples of L. coronopifolia, compare essential and cohobation oil profiles, and evaluate antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Methods: Powder microscopy was used to document diagnostic characters. Essential and cohobation oils from three samples were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. Preliminary antibacterial screening against 20 P. aeruginosa isolates was evaluated by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution. Biofilm biomass was assessed using the crystal violet assay. Docking against the LasR ligand-binding domain and SwissADME predictions were used as exploratory in silico analyses.
Results: Candelabra-type covering trichomes, lamiaceous and bicapitate glandular trichomes, diacytic stomata, and hexacolpate pollen grains were observed. Linalool, camphor, endo-borneol, 1,8-cineole, linalyl formate, linalool oxides, and linalyl acetate were identified as major constituents. Cohobation oils showed lower MIC values than essential oils. The proportion of strong plus moderate biofilm-producing isolates decreased after treatment, especially with Coh-2. Docking predicted favorable accommodation of trans-linalool oxide and linalyl acetate within the LasR ligand-binding domain.
Conclusions: Integrated microscopy, volatile profiling, and biological testing supported the quality assessment of L. coronopifolia. Further standardized antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity, and LasR-validation assays are required.
Keywords: anti-bacterial agents; biofilms; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; plant oils; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; quorum sensing.
Resumen
Contexto: Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. es una planta medicinal tradicional cuyas características de control de calidad y bioactividad de sus fracciones volátiles permanecen poco estudiadas.
Objetivos: Autenticar muestras comerciales de flores secas de L. coronopifolia, comparar la composición de los aceites esenciales y de cohobación y evaluar sus actividades antibacterianas y antibiofilm frente a Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Métodos: La microscopía de polvo permitió identificar caracteres diagnósticos. Los aceites se obtuvieron por hidrodestilación y se analizaron mediante GC-MS. La actividad antibacteriana contra 20 aislamientos de P. aeruginosa se determinó mediante difusión en agar y microdilución en caldo, mientras que la formación de biofilm se evaluó con cristal violeta. Se efectuó acoplamiento molecular sobre el dominio de unión al ligando de LasR y se predijeron las propiedades fisicoquímicas y farmacocinéticas de los principales constituyentes mediante SwissADME.
Resultados: Se identificaron tricomas de cobertura tipo candelabro, tricomas glandulares lamiáceos y bicapitados, estomas diacíticos y polen hexacolpado. Los principales constituyentes fueron linalool, alcanfor, endo-borneol, 1,8-cineol, formato de linalilo, óxidos de linalool y acetato de linalilo. Los aceites de cohobación presentaron menores CIM y redujeron la proporción de aislamientos productores de biofilm fuerte y moderado, especialmente Coh-2. El docking predijo una interacción favorable del óxido de trans-linalool y el acetato de linalilo con LasR, y SwissADME mostró perfiles de similitud con fármacos generalmente favorables.
Conclusiones: La integración de la microscopía, el perfilado de volátiles y los ensayos biológicos aporta herramientas para la evaluación de la calidad de L. coronopifolia, aunque se requieren estudios adicionales.
Palabras Clave: aceites vegetales; agentes antibacterianos; biofilmes; cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas; detección de quórum; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Citation Format: Abdel Bar FM, Salkini AA, Alotaibi RF, Alweh RS, Elekhnawy E, ElNaggar MH (2026) Authentication, volatile profiling, and anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. oils. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 14(3): 2854. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres_14.3.2854
References
Abdallah EM, Alhatlani BY, de Paula Menezes R, Martins CHG (2023) Back to nature: Medicinal plants as promising sources for antibacterial drugs in the post-antibiotic era. Plants 12(17): 3077. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173077
Abdel Bar FM, Alossaimi MA, Elekhnawy E, Alzeer MAA, Abo Kamer A, Moglad E, ElNaggar MH (2022) Anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activity of Pelargonium× hortorum root extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Combinatorial effect of catechin and gallic acid. Molecules 27(22): 7841. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227841
Alotaibi B, El-Masry TA, Elekhnawy E, El-Kadem AH, Saleh A, Negm WA, Abdelkader D (2022) Aqueous core epigallocatechin gallate PLGA nanocapsules: Characterization, antibacterial activity against uropathogens, and in vivo reno-protective effect in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity. Drug Deliv 29(1): 1848–1862. https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2022.2083725
Batiha GE, Teibo JO, Wasef L, Shaheen HM, Akomolafe AP, Teibo TKA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Garbeeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M (2023) A review of the bioactive components and pharmacological properties of Lavandula species. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 396(5): 877–900. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-023-02392-x
Binsuwaidan R, Sultan AA, Negm WA, Attallah NG, Alqahtani MJ, Hussein IA, Shaldam MA, El-Sherbeni SA, Elekhnawy E (2022) Bilosomes as nanoplatform for oral delivery and modulated in vivo antimicrobial activity of lycopene. Pharmaceuticals 15(9): 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15091043
Bottomley MJ, Muraglia E, Bazzo R, Carfì A (2007) Molecular insights into quorum sensing in the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the structure of the virulence regulator LasR bound to its autoinducer. J Biol Chem 282(18): 13592–13600. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M700556200
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2020) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 30th ed. CLSI supplement M100, Wayne, PA.
Daina A, Michielin O, Zoete V (2017) SwissADME: A free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Sci Rep 7(1): 42717. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42717
do Rocio Duarte M, Carvalho de Souza D (2014) Microscopic characters of the leaf and stem of Lavandula dentata L. (Lamiaceae). Microsc Res Tech 77(8): 647–652. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22384
Duarte A, Luís Â, Oleastro M, Domingues FC (2016) Antioxidant properties of coriander essential oil and linalool and their potential to control Campylobacter spp. J. Food Control 61: 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.09.033
Eberhardt J, Santos-Martins D, Tillack AF, Forli S (2021) AutoDock Vina 1.2.0: New docking methods, expanded force field, and Python bindings. J Chem Inf Model 61(8): 3891–3898. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00203
Elekhnawy E, Sonbol F, Abdelaziz A, Elbanna T (2021) An investigation of the impact of triclosan adaptation on Proteus mirabilis clinical isolates from an Egyptian university hospital. Braz J Microbiol 52: 927–937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00485-4
Elmi A, Risler A, Mérito A, Ainane A, Abdoul-Latif F, Nour M, Bignon J, Ainane T (2022) Essential oils of Tagetes minuta and Lavandula coronopifolia from Djibouti: Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines. Int J Plant Biol 13(3): 315–329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13030026
ElNaggar MH, Abdelmohsen UR, Abdel Bar FM, Kamer AA, Bringmann G, Elekhnawy E (2024) Investigation of bioactive components responsible for the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of Caroxylon volkensii by LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and molecular docking. RSC Adv 14(16): 11388–11399. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA01646G
Emam M, Abdel-Haleem DR, Salem MM, Abdel-Hafez LJM, Latif RRA, Farag SM, Sobeh M, El Raey MA (2021) Phytochemical profiling of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. aerial parts extract and its larvicidal, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecules 26(6): 1710. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061710
Hernando-Amado S, Alcalde-Rico M, Gil-Gil T, Valverde JR, Martínez JL (2020) Naringenin inhibition of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing response is based on its time-dependent competition with n-(3-oxo-dodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone for LasR binding. Front Mol Biosci 7: 25. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00025
Hossain S, Heo H, De Silva B, Wimalasena S, Pathirana H, Heo G-J (2017) Antibacterial activity of essential oil from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) against pet turtle-borne pathogenic bacteria. Lab Anim Res 33(3): 195–201. https://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2017.33.3.195
Kwiatkowski P, Łopusiewicz Ł, Kostek M, Drozłowska E, Pruss A, Wojciuk B, Sienkiewicz M, Zielińska-Bliźniewska H, Dołęgowska B (2019) The antibacterial activity of lavender essential oil alone and in combination with octenidine dihydrochloride against MRSA strains. Molecules 25(1): 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010095
Naseef H, Rabba A, Hawash M, Jaradat N, Sharifi-Rad M, Al-Maharik N (2022) Phytochemical characterization and assessments of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties of Lavandula coronopifolia Poir. volatile oil from Palestine. Arab J Chem 15: 104069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104069
NIST (2017) NIST Mass Spectral Library (NIST 17); NIST Standard Reference Database 1A. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Qin S, Xiao W, Zhou C, Pu Q, Deng X, Lan L, Liang H, Song X, Wu M (2022) Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Pathogenesis, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, interaction with host, technology advances and emerging therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 7(1): 199. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-01056-1
Salam MA, Al-Amin MY, Salam MT, Pawar JS, Akhter N, Rabaan AA, Alqumber MAA (2023) Antimicrobial resistance: A growing serious threat for global public health. Healthcare 11(13): 1946. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131946
Sienkiewicz M, Głowacka A, Kowalczyk E, Wiktorowska-Owczarek A, Jóźwiak-Bębenista M, Łysakowska M (2014) The biological activities of cinnamon, geranium and lavender essential oils. Molecules 19(12): 20929–20940. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191220929
Stepanović S, Vuković D, Hola V, Bonaventura GD, Djukić S, Ćirković I, Ruzicka F (2007) Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: Overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by staphylococci. APMIS 115(8): 891–899. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_630.x
Tanasă F, Nechifor M, Teacă C-A (2024) Essential oils as alternative green broad-spectrum biocides. Plants 13(23): 3442. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233442
Trott O, Olson AJ (2010) AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. J Comput Chem 31(2): 455–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21334
Tuon FF, Dantas LR, Suss PH, Tasca Ribeiro VS (2022) Pathogenesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm: A review. Pathogens 11(3): 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11030300
Veber DF, Johnson SR, Cheng H-Y, Smith BR, Ward KW, Kopple KD (2002) Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates. J Med Chem 45(12): 2615–2623. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020017n
Vetrivel A, Natchimuthu S, Subramanian V, Murugesan R (2021) High-throughput virtual screening for a new class of antagonist targeting LasR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Omega 6(28): 18314–18324. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02191
Wood SJ, Kuzel TM, Shafikhani SH (2023) Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Infections, animal modeling, and therapeutics. Cells 12(1): 199. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010199
© 2026 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research