J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 14, no. 1, Article ID 2468, Jan-Feb 2026.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres_14.1.2468
Original Article
Effects of Kaempferia galanga L. extract on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats
[Efectos del extracto de Kaempferia galanga L. sobre la osteoartritis inducida por yodoacetato monosódico en ratas]
Oktavia Rahayu Adianingsih1*, Wibi Riawan2, Aina Angelina3, Fifi Farida Fajrin1, Violita Ayu Puspita1, Surya Saputri1, Genera Dinan Adlina1, Akbar Saitama4, Eko Widaryanto4
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biochemistry Biomolecular Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
3Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
4Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
*E-mail: oktavia.rahayu@ub.ac.id
Abstract
Context: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive degradation of cartilage, synovial inflammation, and functional impairment. Kaempferia galanga L. extract (KGE) demonstrates analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, yet its effects on OA remain unclear.
Aims: To evaluate the chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of KGE on a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated into six groups: normal control, MIA control, MIA + KGE (90, 180, and 360 mg/kg), and MIA + ibuprofen (20 mg/kg). OA was induced via intra-articular MIA injection. Treatments were administered orally for 21 days. Knee joint diameter, plasma IL-1β, histopathology (OARSI scoring), and immunohistochemical markers (type II collagen, SOX-9, aggrecan, NF-κB, TNF-α, and MMP-13) were assessed.
Results: KGE reduced plasma IL-1β levels, suppressed NF-κB, TNF-α, and MMP-13, while concurrently enhancing type II collagen, SOX-9, and aggrecan in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of KGE at 360 mg/kg demonstrated the most pronounced chondroprotective effects.
Conclusions: KGE attenuated MIA-induced OA by modulating inflammatory pathways and preserving cartilage integrity, thereby supporting its potential as an alternative therapeutic option for osteoarthritis. Further research is warranted to elucidate its molecular mechanisms and assess its long-term safety profile.
Keywords: cartilage protection; inflammation; Kaempferia galanga; MIA model; OARSI; osteoarthritis.
Resumen
Contexto: La osteoartritis (OA) es una enfermedad articular degenerativa crónica que se caracteriza por la degradación progresiva del cartílago, la inflamación sinovial y el deterioro funcional. El extracto de Kaempferia galanga L. (KGE) presenta propiedades analgésicas, antiinflamatorias y antioxidantes; sin embargo, sus efectos sobre la OA aún no están claros.
Objetivos: Evaluar los efectos condroprotectores y antiinflamatorios del KGE en un modelo de rata con OA inducida por yodoacetato monosódico (MIA).
Métodos: Se asignaron ratas Wistar machos a seis grupos: control normal, control con MIA, MIA + KGE (90, 180 y 360 mg/kg) y MIA + ibuprofeno (20 mg/kg). La OA se indujo mediante inyección intraarticular de MIA. Los tratamientos se administraron por vía oral durante 21 días. Se evaluaron el diámetro de la articulación de la rodilla, la IL-1β plasmática, la histopatología (puntuación OARSI) y los marcadores inmunohistoquímicos (colágeno tipo II, SOX-9, agrecano, NF-κB, TNF-α y MMP-13).
Resultados: KGE redujo los niveles plasmáticos de IL-1β, suprimió NF-κB, TNF-α y MMP-13, y mejoró el colágeno tipo II, SOX-9 y el agrecano de forma dosis-dependiente. La administración de KGE a 360 mg/kg mostró los efectos condroprotectores más pronunciados.
Conclusiones: KGE atenuó la OA inducida por MIA mediante la modulación de las vías inflamatorias y la preservación de la integridad del cartílago, lo que respalda su potencial como opción terapéutica alternativa para la osteoartritis. Se requieren más investigaciones para dilucidar sus mecanismos moleculares y evaluar su perfil de seguridad a largo plazo.
Palabras Clave: inflamación; Kaempferia galanga; modelo de MIA; OARSI; osteoartritis; protección del cartílago.
Citation Format: Adianingsih OR, Riawan W, Angelina A, Fajrin FF, Puspita VA, Saputri S, Adlina GD, Saitama A, Widaryanto E (2026) Effects of Kaempferia galanga L. extract on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 14(1): 2468. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres_14.1.2468
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