J. Pharm. Pharmacogn. Res., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1978-1995, Nov-Dec 2025.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres25.2370_13.6.1978
Review
Gastroprotective effects of Zingiber officinale in rodent models of peptic ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
[Efectos gastroprotectores de Zingiber officinale en modelos de roedores con úlceras pépticas: una revisión sistemática y un metanálisis]
Coana Sukmagautama1,2*, Reviono3, Wachid Putranto4, Eti P. Pamungkasari5, Hartono5, Risya Cilmiaty5, Paramasari Dirgahayu6
1Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
2Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas, Surakarta, Indonesia.
3Department of Pulmonology Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Surakarta, Indonesia.
4Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas, Surakarta, Indonesia.
5Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
6Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
*E-mail: coana.sg@staff.uns.ac.id
Abstract
Context: Peptic ulcer remains a significant global health concern, particularly in low-resource settings. Conventional treatments are often associated with side effects and recurrence, prompting interest in herbal therapies such as Zingiber officinale (ginger).
Aims: To explore the gastroprotective efficacy of Z. officinale in preclinical models of experimentally induced peptic ulcer.
Methods: Electronic databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed) were searched for relevant studies published between 2015 and 2024. Eligible studies included rodent models of peptic ulcer treated with Z. officinale and reporting ulcer index outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE’s tool, and meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 software. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.
Results: Five experimental animal studies from 2015 onwards to assess the gastroprotective effects of Z. officinale, involving 240 rodents with peptic ulcers induced via WIR stress, ethanol, HCl, or diclofenac, were included. Z. officinale, administered in various forms, significantly reduced ulcer severity compared to placebo (SMD = -5.35; 95% CI: -6.56 to -4.10; I² = 79%) and showed efficacy comparable to standard therapies (SMD = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.36 to 4.41; I² = 91) as proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and H2 blockers.
Conclusions: Z. officinale exhibits significant gastroprotective activity in animal models of peptic ulcer. These findings support its potential as a candidate for further development in ulcer therapy, although standardized protocols and clinical trials are warranted.
Keywords: gastroprotection; rats; review article; therapy; ulcer index; Zingiber officinale.
Resumen
Contexto: La úlcera péptica sigue siendo un problema de salud global importante, especialmente en entornos de bajos recursos. Los tratamientos convencionales suelen asociarse con efectos secundarios y recurrencia, lo que ha despertado el interés en terapias herbales como el Zingiber officinale (jengibre).
Objetivos: Explorar la eficacia gastroprotectora de Z. officinale en modelos preclínicos de úlcera péptica inducida experimentalmente.
Métodos: Se buscaron estudios relevantes publicados entre 2015 y 2024 en bases de datos electrónicas (Scopus, ScienceDirect y PubMed). Los estudios elegibles incluyeron modelos de roedores de úlcera péptica tratados con Z. officinale que reportaran resultados del índice de úlcera. El riesgo de sesgo se evaluó mediante la herramienta SYRCLE y el metaanálisis se realizó con el software Review Manager 5.4.1. Se calcularon las diferencias de medias estandarizadas (DME) con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95% mediante un modelo de efectos aleatorios.
Resultados: Se incluyeron cinco estudios experimentales en animales, realizados a partir de 2015, para evaluar los efectos gastroprotectores de Z. officinale, en 240 roedores con úlceras pépticas inducidas mediante estrés WIR, etanol, HCl o diclofenaco. Z. officinale, administrado en diversas presentaciones, redujo significativamente la gravedad de la úlcera en comparación con placebo (DME = -5,35; IC del 95 %: -6,56 a -4,10; I² = 79 %) y mostró una eficacia comparable a la de las terapias estándar (DME = 2,88; IC del 95 %: 1,36 a 4,41; I² = 91) como inhibidor de la bomba de protones (IBP) y bloqueadores H2.
Conclusiones: Z. officinale exhibe una actividad gastroprotectora significativa en modelos animales de úlcera péptica. Estos hallazgos respaldan su potencial como candidato para un mayor desarrollo en el tratamiento de la úlcera, aunque se justifican protocolos estandarizados y ensayos clínicos.
Palabras Clave: artículo de revisión; gastroprotección; índice de úlcera; ratas; terapia; Zingiber officinale.
Citation Format: Sukmagautama C, Reviono, Putranto W, Pamungkasari EP, Hartono, Cilmiaty R, Dirgahayu P (2025) Gastroprotective effects of Zingiber officinale in rodent models of peptic ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pharm Pharmacogn Res 13(6): 1978–1995. https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres25.2370_13.6.1978
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